Ms. costello suspects that several of her students cheat on assignments and tests. what actions might she take if she wants to reduce the temptation for students to cheat in her classroom? a. keep pressure on students by maintaining specified time constraints on assignments and tests. b. assign reasonable workloads that challenge students without causing them to feel overwhelmed. c. encourage students to pursue performance goals and keep their grades high to increase the likelihood of acceptance into the university of their choice. d. avoid creating an environment of distrust that develops when teachers monitor students closely during tests.

The correct answer is letter b. It is because when they are assigned to have reasonable workloads, they are likely to do these activities as this challenges each of their capabilities by means of having it to do with their own and not having to copy others as these kind of activities are likely to challenge their own capabilities.

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.