Why are independent regulatory commissions considered quasi-legislative?
a. they are part of the legislative branch.
b. the rules and regulations they make have the force of law.
c. they are independent of the executive branch but not the legislative branch.
d. they are independent of the executive branch

The rules and regulations they make have the force of law

Urban growth invariably feeds increased commercialization and industrialization. it requires continually expanding land areas. when urbanization rates are high, and countries do not have the institutional and managerial capacities or economic wherewithal to manage such rapid growths, they exert intense pressure on the types and nature of the resulting settlements. they contribute to the development of overcrowded slums and shanty towns without adequate essential services and necessary infrastructure.-by asit k. biswas and cecilia tortajada