When leaves fall off trees seasonally, the trees are classified as .

the trees are classified as abscission if I'm not wrong

the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts.

the way in which a living organism or bodily part functions.

the factors that the economies of the muslim empires prosper were:

1- land trade routes-located between three continents  

2- sea trade routes

trade contributed to the spread of muslim empires, and with that islamic culture led to a growing feeling of internationalism resulted in the transfer of technology, science, and other cultural forms.