Which approach to psychology did the publication of On Human Nature initiate?

The correct answer is evolutionary psychology.

Explanation:

The approach to psychology that the publication of "On Human Nature" initiated was evolutionary psychology.

"On Human Nature" was a book written by E.O. Wilson, in 1974. He was a Harvard University Professor that applied the term "sociobiology" to explain human nation and society, using social sciences and humanities.

Evolutionary psychology tries to explain human evolution and natural selection from psychological and mental trails such as language, memory, or perception.

i think it is the third one.