A horse was mistreated and trained with a whip. When the horse did not respond to the trainer, the trainer raised her hand with the whip and hit the horse. The horse then moved to a new owner who did not use a whip or pain to train her horses. The first time she raised her hand up toward the horse, the horse backed up and bucked. Place in order the steps of counterconditioning that the new owner would use to retrain the horse not to buck with fear to a raised hand.

In order to retrain the horse not to buck with fear to a raised hand, the new owner shall counter condition the horse. Every time he has to pat the horse, he shall raise his hand so that the horse realizes the new condition that every time a hand will be raised, it will mean that his owner is patting him. Even when the new owner provides the horse with food, he shall raise his hand first while providing food so that the horse does not back off.

concurrent jurisdiction is the ability to exercise judicial review by different courts at the same time, within the same territory, and over the same subject matter. for instance, a domestic violence matter may be heard in either a general civil court or a family court in the same county. whichever court actually exercises its jurisdiction first will do so exclusively.

fir trees are found in areas with cooler climates. fir trees have needles for leaves and remain green year-round.