Helen, the operations head of an organization, received a complaint stating that one of the managers was regularly harassing his subordinates. Instead of taking action, she neglected the issue as she had high regard for the manager. She was sure that the allegations against the manager were not true. In the given scenario, the assumption made by Helen is an example of .

Perceptual defense

Explanation:

Perceptual defense is the conditioned avoidance of unpleasant or dangerous stimulus objects. It happens when reaction to an object is avoided without even trying to know about it judging based on a pre-conceived notion about the said object. Such as the case of Helen.

the correct answer is individualism and exchange. at this stage, children begin to question the rules, because they can see that there is more than one side to them. different individuals have different viewpoints. they won't be able to reach this stage because of ignorance, a lack of ethics or personal biases. that is because people with that characteristiscs are not able to distinguish what is good or what is bad and they can't pursue their individual interests.

answer; cattle ranching on the savanna,and forestry in the amazon;