John is participating in a study and is asked if he would stop and help someone whose car has broken down on the freeway. John answers yes, even though he knows he would probably not stop and help. John's response reflects the power of:

Demand characteristics.

Explanation:

Demand characteristics are the traits shown by participant of the research and experiment  in which they behave according to the expectancy of researcher or experiment so that aim of the research can be accomplished .This creates biasness in research process and decrease validity of the experiment.

According to the question, John's positive reply to the situation where someone need helps if his/her car is broken displays the impact of demand characteristics .In actuality , he would probably not help the person by stopping and he just answered in positive manner to support the study.Thus, the reply is biased.

i have to go with a for this one

answer: ‘no one should be discriminated against because he or she is not from a minority group’

because—> affirmative action means ‘a policy or program that provides opportunities for traditionally disadvantaged groups to them overcome the effects of discrimination’