Design is a method used to confront the problem of causation because we can assume that if variable x causes changes in variable y, then x ought to, at least, precede y over time.

Longitudinal

Explanation:

Longitudinal design refers to a research design that involves the same variables but are investigated at two points of time. This way the same factors or variables are investigated and the data is collected from the same sample population at two points of time. Here, it is clearly suggested that the variable X and variable Y are investigated at a time and is then investigated again over time. Hence, this is a longitudinal studies.

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