Celeste had been married before—twice. she was thrilled by the prospect of her upcoming marriage to caldwell, which would be her third marriage and caldwell’s second. these are two of the of americans getting married who are not saying "i do" for the first time.

Nearly half.

Explanation:

According to all divorce and marriage statistics, nearly half of the adults in the US have been already been married once or more when they, at the altar, pronounce the words "I do".

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.