In Organic Diodes, usually a high work function transparent metal is used as anode (PA) for hole injection and a low work function metal as cathode (pC) for electron injection. At the metal-organic- metal contact, a non-negligible built-in potential Vbi Pbi/q is present across the organic layer. Neglecting energy level shifts due to the interface dipoles, the built-in voltage is equal to: ФА- ФС ФА + ФС 0 2фС

Consider a one meter long horizontal pipe with a constant 100 cm^2 cross sectional area. water flows rightward into the pipe at x = 0 with flow velocity 02m/sec at every point within the pipe intake area. at x=1, the rightward flow rate is 0.192 m/sec. assume the water is a conserved quantity in the pipe, so there must be a leak (a sink) somewhere in the pipe. 1. compute net volumetric flow of the source if the system to be in equilibrium. 2. now assume the pipe in the problem has no leaks. compute the net volumetric rate of change for the system.