Gtwo identical metal spheres (small enough to be treated as particles) each with a mass of 3.1 × 10−3 kg are hung from separate identical strings. the strings are 0.70 m long and are attached to the same nail in the ceiling. surplus electrons are added to each sphere, and then the spheres are brought in contact with each other and released. their equilibrium position is such that each string makes an angle of 15.0° with the vertical. how many surplus electrons are on each sphere?

stands for electromotive force and it is measured in volts. despite its name, it is not actually the force in the sense of being a "pushing" or "pulling" (not measured in newtons).an equation that relates emf,  ℰ,  to a battery's terminal voltage, v, current, i, and internal resistance, r, is    ℰ = v + irin this case, the emf can be interpreted as a voltage—a difference in electric potential.i would not say that it would be considered an energy. if emf can be defined as the energy/work per a unit charge from a battery or other electric source, then it is not strictly energy.