In 1963, maarten schmidt of the california institute of technology found the most distant object that had ever been seen in the universe so far. called 3c273, it emitted electromagnetic radiation with a power of 2×1013 suns, or 100 times that of the entire milky way galaxy! schmidt called 3c273 a "quasi-stellar radio source," a name that was soon shortened to "quasar." since then, astronomers have found many quasars, some substantially more powerful and distant than 3c273. quasar 3c273 is moving away from earth at about speed 0.16c. the sun is 1.5×1011mfrom earth and emits energy at a rate of 3.8×1026j/s caused by the conversion of 4.3×109kg/s of mass into light and other forms of electromagnetic energy. the hubble constant is
h=70.8km/smpc=70.8103m/s3.09×1022m= =22.9×10−19s−1
estimate the mass of 3c273 that is converted to light and other forms of radiation each minute. by comparison, the mass of earth is 6×1024kg.