Use a parametrization to find the flux modifyingbelow integral from nothing to nothing integral from nothing to nothing with upper s bold upper f times n d sigma of bold upper f equals 3 z bold k across the portion of the sphere x squared plus y squared plus z squared equals a squared where z is positive in the direction away from the origin.

3-4

step-by-step explanation:

the answer is 3-4 because both 45 and 60 has a multiple of 15.

45/3=15

60/4=15

therefore the odds against selecting a red is 4-3

answer: first option i.e. 'a' is correct.

step-by-step explanation:

since we have given that

number of minutes to wrap a small gift box = 4 minutes

we need to find the number of gifts to be wrapped in 5 minutes

since there is a direct variation, as the number of minutes will increase with   number of gifts to be wrapped.

so, let the number of gifts to be wrapped in 5 minutes be x.

so, it becomes,

hence, first option 'a'   is correct.