How did the inca empire manage to function without a system of writing?

The Inca had absolutely no form of writing whatsoever. So they didn't know how to write anything. This was a problem so they had to invent other ways to kind of keep track of records and other important things.

As a result, the Aztecs used quipu.

Quipu was a mathematical system and it was commonly used throughout the Inca empire to record and transmit data. So, the fact that they were able to get around this huge barrier is pretty amazing.

answer: secession

secession, as it applies to the outbreak of the american civil war, comprises the series of events that began on december 20, 1860, and extended through june 8 of the next year when eleven states in the lower and upper south severed their ties with the union. the first seven seceding states of the lower south set up a provisional government at montgomery, alabama. after hostilities began at fort sumter in charleston harbor on april 12, 1861, the border states of virginia, arkansas, tennessee, and north carolina joined the new government, which then moved its capital to richmond, virginia. the union was thus divided approximately on geographic lines. twenty-one northern and border states retained the style and title of the united states, while the eleven slave states adopted the nomenclature of the confederate states of america.

explanation:

"a shortage of traditional labor created new opportunities in the workplace. a major cause of the internment of japanese americans during world war ii was. racial prejudice. in the early 1940's, the "destroyers-for-military-bases deal" with great britain and the lend-lease act were evidence that the united states."