What can be concluded about gandhi's methods?

a. his nonviolent policies were successful and resulted in the establishment of an independent indian nation.
b. his nonviolent policies were of little political use and resulted in the failure of the independent indian government.
c. his nonviolent policies eventually failed, and he was forced to resort to violence to achieve indian independence.
d. his nonviolent policies forced other political leaders to take control of the indian independence movement and guide it to success.