How did world war ii act as a turning point in world history? a. it allowed industrialized western european states to establish asian and african empires. b. it led to the spread of communism throughout south america and the caribbean. c. it resulted in the rise of the united states and the soviet union as the world's two superpowers. d. it forced germany to pay war reparations that led to hyperinflation of german currency.

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".

states

explanation:

as the old saying goes, all politics are local. state and federal governments affect our daily lives in numerous ways. yet, in our federal system, there is supposed to be a balance between federal and state power. as james madison envisioned it in federalist no. 51, “the power surrendered by the people” would be “divided between two distinct governments,” creating a balance of power that would enable the “different governments [to] control each other.”