What was one outcome of the ottoman empires control of trade and taxation on goods throughout much of asia?

a. the ottoman empire became too large and wealthy to govern efficiently, and fell into civil war

b. neighboring civilizations became more self-reliant because they could not trade through ottoman-controlled lands

c. europeans entered an age of naval exploration in an attempt to find alternate trade routes to asian markets

d. christian merchants became more interested in trading with african countries than with asian empires