What is one reason the supreme court gave for its decisions in the 1883 discrimination cases?

the fourteenth amendment applied only to states, not individuals.

the fifteenth amendment did not address discrimination.

the fourteenth amendment had been repealed.

the fifteenth amendment applied only to african americans, not immigrants.

The correct answer is A) The Fourteenth Amendment applied only to states, not individuals.

One reason in that the Supreme Court gave for its decisions in the 1883 discrimination cases was that the Fourteenth Amendment applied only to states, not individuals.

We are referring to the five legal cases heard by the Supreme Court in 1833. The US Supreme Court declared unconstitutional the Civil Rights Act of 1875. That decision represented a step backward in the rights of African Americans. The cases that the Supreme Court heard were United States v. Singleton,  United States v. Ryan, Robinson and wife v. Memphis & Charleston R.R. Co., and the United States v. Stanley,

hello!

according to the passage the most suitable options are two. the first one is "by leading the aef to victory in several key battles" like the battle of saint- mihiel and the battle of cantigny mentioned in the passage you copied here. the second one is "by the aef and allied forces defeat germany" since the passage says that his army destroy the german resistance in the meuse- argonne offensive. and also, "by insisting that the aef operate as an independent force".

hope this