Read the text below and then choose the best answer to the question below. Confucianism is a system of beliefs based on the teachings of Kong Fu Zi (first called Confucius by Europeans), who lived in China from 551 to 479 BCE. Confucius developed a practical philosophy for life and government- which focused on proper conduct, respect for elders, education, and government service- that he felt would create a peaceful, stable society.

Confucius based his ideas on ancient Chinese traditions of respect and hard work. The code of behavior he taught revolved around 5 relationships: 1) ruler subject, 2) parent and child, 3) husband and wife, 4) sibling and sibling, 5) friend and friend. Confucius believed that relationships would be harmonious if people involved were loyal, courteous, honest, faithful, and obedient to those in authority. Confucianism taught, for example, that harmony in the family would result from a child showing absolute respect for the parent’s authority. Confucius also believed that if the ruler lived according to strong virtues, then the ruler’s subjects would follow his or her example and a harmonious, stable society would be possible.

Confucian philosophy strongly influences Chinese society today. The elderly are treated with great reverence and respect by the young and society is still governed by strict hierarchical relationships between superiors and inferiors.

Confucius stressed a code of conduct based on .

Group of answer choices:

a. listening to nature

b. 5 basic relationships

c. finding balance in the world

d. strict punishments