Using the excerpts above, answer (a), (b), and (c). a) Briefly describe ONE major difference between Crane’s and Zagarri’s historical interpretations of the

immediate impact of the American Revolution on women.

b) Briefly explain how ONE event, development, or circumstance from the period 1765 to 1800 that is not

explicitly mentioned in the excerpts could be used to support Crane’s argument.

c) Briefly explain how ONE event, development, or circumstance from the period 1765 to 1800 that is not

explicitly mentioned in the excerpts could be used to support Zagarri’s argument.

The American Revolution: Impact on Women

a) One major difference between Elaine Crane's and Rosemarie Zagarri's historical interpretations of the immediate impact of the American Revolution on women is:

Whereas, Crane argues that the American Revolution did not improve the societal status of women, with their gender roles remaining unchanged.  

Zagarri, on the other hand, argues that the American Revolution improved the societal status and influence of women, giving them more visibility in society.

b) One event, development, or circumstance from the period 1765 to 1800 that could be used to support Crane's argument or position is:

women could not participate in political decision-making after the American Revolution, and did not enjoy the rights accorded to their male counterparts.

c) One event, development, or circumstance from the period 1765 to 1800 that could be used to support Zagarri's argument or stance is:

many women, including Abigail Adams, Elizabeth Freeman, Mercy Warren, etc., made their voices heard in political circles and galvanized women to demand better political treatment.

Explanation:

Elaine Crane in her "Women, Seaports, and Social Change" (1998) argued vehemently that the American Revolution did not provide women the radical watershed they required to play active political roles in society.  However, Rosemarie Zagarri, writing in "Women and Politics in the Early American Republic" (2007), perceived the American Revolution's impact on women differently.  She praised the new opportunities that were created for women to participate actively in politics.

every of the four river valley civilizations, religion played an enormous role in shaping and cultivating each civilization. this essay will briefly discuss how religion formed the river valley people’s government and view on geography. religion dictated how the peoples of the river valley civilizations managed government and geography.

            religious leaders played prominent roles in every river valley civilizations form of government. from ancient egypt and mesopotamia to china’s historic empire and the indus river valley, all the river valley civilizations had significant religious figures. in ancient egypt, the pharaoh was revered as a god and therefore was given his right as supreme governing authority in the eyes of the people. the elusive emperors of china gained there governing rights by a mandate of heaven creating long lines of dynasties until the common people of china felt the dynasty had lost the favor of the gods. chinese emperors were not only governing leaders but also the spiritual leaders of ancient china. mesopotamian and indus river valley priests were referred as has head officials who had vast amounts of authority in these two civilizations primitive forms of democracy. religion shaped the structure and social caste of the four river valley civilizations.

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