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ancient americans: the mayas and aztecs

1. was teotihuacan an aztec city? would the construction of pyramids containing millions of bricks have required a high degree of social organization?

2. why has the development of agriculture always been essential to the development of civilization?

3. what was religion like for the mayas and the aztecs? how did they show respect toward their gods?

4. what are some characteristics of civilization that were found in the societies of the mayas and the aztecs?

5. one of the indications of social organization in a civilized society is the presence of different social classes and occupations. describe the different social classes and occupations that existed in the mayan and aztec civilizations.

6. did the civilizations of mesoamerica have some form of written language? describe what it looked like. what kind of surfaces did they write on?

last one

7. who were the chi chimes? where did the come from and what effect did they have on mesoamerica?

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1. It wasn’t. Although it is unknown who precisely built and inhabited the city, there are some theories. Aztecs found the city and started using it for various purposes but it was in ruins by the time they found it. Building such pyramids did require large amount of cooperation between people because there was no modern building technology and numerous people had to participate.

2. Before agriculture was developed, people lived as hunters and gatherers in nomadic tribes. This meant that they would use the goods from the nature before moving to another region with more food. When agriculture was discovered, they didn’t have to move anymore and could grow food and stay in one place which led to rise of civilizations.

3. Mayan and Aztec religion consisted of a polytheistic pantheon where each deity would represent a different aspect of life. They showed respect to them in various ways, from organizing religious festivals to building huge temples and even including various types of sacrifices to the gods, including sometimes even human sacrifice.

4. Religion was a huge part of their lives and Mayas and Aztecs all participated in various religious rituals to appease the gods. Both societies were also organized into clear societal hierarchies with rulers, farmers, priests, and similar groups. They also emphasized art as well which often depicted everyday activities and was about being realistic.

5. In the Mayan society there was the ruler, the higher class, and the lower class. The ruler was on top while people like priests, judges, and government officials comprised the high class. The lower class consisted of people like artisans or farmers or commoners. The Aztecs also had the king as the ruler, followed by the priests who were the second highest rank, nobles being third, while merchants and artisans were second to last. The lowest social group were farmers and commoners, also including slaves.

6. They did have a written language but most of it was lost unfortunately. For example, the Aztecs had a writing system that combines ideographic writing with Nahuatl specific phonetic logograms and syllabic signs which was mostly destroyed by emperors who did it for ideological reasons, or later by Spaniards who conquered them

7. Chichimecas or Chichimes were people that were considered by the Aztecs and Mayas to be barbarians, similarly to how the Romans looked at the Germanic tribes. They were nomadic people who mostly lived in the Valley of Mexico and were disliked by Aztecs and Mayans, later even by the Spaniards.

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