All of the following are generally used in vaccines except
a) toxoids.
b) inactivated viruses.
c) antibodies.
d) parts of bacterial cells.
e) live, attenuated bacteria.

Hello toxoids ARE used in vaccines, inactivated viruses ARE used in vaccines, antibodies ARE used in vaccines, parts of bacterial cells ARE NOT used in vaccines, live attenuated bacteria ARE used in vaccines. in conclusion, your answer is D

The correct answer to this question is D) Parts of the bacterial cells.

In vaccines, they don't use parts of the bacterial cells. While they do include the following:

- Toxoids.

- Inactivated viruses.

- Antibodies.

- Live, attenuated bacteria.

I hope this helps! :)

Have a wonderful day!

-LizzyIsTheQueen