How did European imperialism affect Sub-Saharan African cultures in the late 1800s? African societies became organizationally weak and politically unstable.

African tribes enjoyed European culture better than their original beliefs.

Traditional African rulers remained in control under the European rule.

European colonists insisted that African tribes spoke only one universal language.

D. continental rift

The investiture controversy began as a power struggle between pope gregory vii (1072–85) and henry iv, holy roman emperor (1056–1106).[2] a brief but significant struggle over investiture also occurred between henry i of england and pope paschal ii in the years 1103 to 1107, and the issue played a minor role in the struggles between church and state in france, as well.by undercutting the imperial power established by the salian emperors, the controversy led to nearly 50 years of civil war in germany, and the triumph of the great dukes and abbots. imperial power was finally re-established under the hohenstaufen dynasty. historian norman cantor:

Answer barren with few trees, in the northern hemisphere;