Which element does not have to be cited in an academic paper?

Need this asap what would be some of the drawbacks of using a specific dramatic structure such as freytag's pyramid?

Which sentence has an adjective clause? a.mike rode his bike on mountain trails because he found them challenging.b.gary donated to charity whenever he could.c.liz,who could always make people laugh,was loved by the whole block.d.ever since adam was a little boy,he had his father in the fields

Langston hughes cited walt whitman as one of his greatest influences and some believe that hughes wrote "i, too, sing america" in response to whitman's "i hear america singing." using on whitman's poem. consider aspects such as structure, there, word, choice, etc., as you craft your response. your response will be scored on how well you: -demonstrate your understanding of the ideas of the text -use evidence from the text to develop and support your ideas -organize your response in a logical manner -demonstrate an appropriate writing style through the use of precise word choice and varied sentences -use standard conventions for writing