What does the word apt most nearly mean?
inappropriate
bright
disinterested
connected

Explanation:  Inappropriate is the antonym of Apt that means appropriate. Bright and disinterested completely go off track while connected could relate with 'apt' up to some extent. Appropriate is something which means correct, exact or applicable implying that something related or connected to the context. Hence, the near-synonym here could be 'connected' as among all the options as the rest of them are completely irrelevant to the meaning of the word 'apt'.

the personification of the word prudence d) it effectively enhances the logos and ethos of the argument.

logos means appeal to the logic or reasoning of the people.

ethos means appeal to the credibility of the argument, that it is worth listening to and acting upon.