1. Identify the important words and phrases. 2. Eliminate minor details. 3. Paraphrase central ideas and details. 4. Summarize in your own words. Review the steps of summarizing. Use your notes to write a brief summary of the interview of Miep Gies. The last survivor who helped Anne Frank and her family hide from the Nazis has died. Miep Gies was 100. After the Franks were discovered and deported, it was Gies who found and preserved Anne's diary.

DEBORAH AMOS, Host:

Back in 1998, NPR's special correspondent Susan Stamberg visited a woman in Amsterdam and asked her a simple question.

SUSAN STAMBERG: How do you say diary in Dutch?

AMOS: Dagboek.

STAMBERG: Dagboek? Oh, daybook.

AMOS: Yes. Daybook.

STAMBERG: Dag?

AMOS: Yes.

STAMBERG: Boek.

AMOS: Boek.

STAMBERG: Is diary.

AMOS: That woman is Miep Gies. The diary she's referring to is Anne Frank's. Miep Gies helped Anne Frank hide with her family during World War II and saved Anne's diary after she and her family were captured by the Germans. Gies died yesterday at the age of 100. Teri Schultz has this remembrance.

TERI SCHULTZ: Providing refuge to Jews, she noted later, carried a punishment of at least six months in a concentration camp. Still, the Austrian-born Dutch woman, knighted by the governments of Germany and the Netherlands, recipient of a medal from Yad Vashem Holocaust Museum, always insisted she had done nothing extraordinary.

AMOS: I, myself, I'm just a very common person. I simply had no choice. I could foresee many, many sleepless nights and a life filled with regret if I would have refused to help the Franks. And this was not the kind of life I was looking for at all.

SCHULTZ: Gies explained another motivation for emphasizing her modesty. She said if people are allowed to think it takes remarkable qualities to act boldly on behalf of others, few will attempt it.

AMOS: People should never think that you have to be a very special person to help those who need you.

SCHULTZ: But Gies clearly was very special, even when someone still unknown betrayed those she called the hiders and they were taken away at gunpoint to death camps. Gies was not intimidated. She sneaked back into the secret hideaway to try to preserve any belongings of the Franks that hadn't been destroyed or taken. And there she found what would eventually become a treasure of the entire world.

AMOS: I saw Anne's diary scattered all over the floor. I took it with me. I hoped I could return it to Anne after the war. I wanted to see her smile and hear her say, Oh Miep, my diary.

SCHULTZ: That day would never come, as Anne did not survive the Nazi death camps. But Otto Frank did. And he made his way back to Amsterdam in 1945 returning to stay with Gies and her husband. On the very sad day that year that he learned both his daughters had died in a camp, Otto Frank later explained in a documentary, Gies delivered him what he called a miracle.

AMOS: When I returned and after I heard the news that my children would not come back, Miep gave me the diary.

SCHULTZ: Gies described that moment herself years ago in an interview with the Anne Frank Museum in Amsterdam.

AMOS: (Foreign language spoken)

SCHULTZ: For NPR News, I'm Teri Schultz.

EDGE 2020