In the darkness, a pinpoint of light becomes visible. Someone has turned on a flashlight. The pin­point grows to the size of the bulb. Because this is slow motion, only the bulb is bright. Nothing else lights up—yet.

Now the light begins to spread outward from the bulb. It fills a bigger and bigger space. As the light moves forward, it strikes little fog droplets, the ground, a sneaker, a tree, a cat. After each collision, some light bounces off. It is redirected. Some of it reaches a person's eyes. Only then can the light trigger the person's eyes and brain. In slow, stretched-out speech, the person says, "L000000-000000k! c-aaat!"

—A Black Hole Is NOT a Hole,
Carolyn Cinami DeCristofano

Why did the author include this description?

to explain how a star produces light
to explain how light travels
to explain how cats see in the dark
to explain how fog forms

Which two sentences in this excerpt from leo tolstoy's the death of ivan ilyich reflect the author's belief that russia's rising middle class was unable to express genuine emotion?

Read the rough draft of a student's conclusion to anargumentative editorial.(1) year-round schooling would student achievement.(2) not so much information would have to be crammed intonine months. (3) furthermore, the elimination of long breaks,particularly summer break, would significantly reduce"learning loss" and the additional time wasted at thebeginning of each academic year to reteach previouslylearned material. (4) it is clear that year-round schooling students learn and retain more. (5) the united staleis not the only country to experiment with a year-roundschool schedule. (6) although many still claim that evidenceabout year-round school and its link to higher achievement isinconclusive, these people need to open their eyes and seethat students in these schools consistently score higher oncertain assessments than students who attend schools withtraditional nine-month calendars. (7) it is about time that wereplaced our outdated and inefficient school calendars.which best revises sentence 6 to create a more appropriate and respectful tone

•your english teacher has asked you to write a short three-page research paper. which topic is the most narrow? a. water pollution b. how lake pollution affects fish c. how water pollution affects seal d. pollution