When the seismograph began to record the violent earth-shaking caused by yet another eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz volcano in Colombia, no one thought that a few hours later more than 23,000 people would be dead, killed by lahars (volcanic debris flows) in towns and villages several tens of kilometers away from the volcano. Which sentence below uses parentheses for the same purpose as in the sentence above?A."The intriguing thing about a cell phone is that it is actually a radio (an extremely sophisticated radio), but a radio nonetheless."B."Before beginning the experiment, please read the chemical analyses of the materials you will be using (See Appendix A of the handout.)."C."The first computer, called "The Analytical Engine" (1837), was designed and developed by Charles Babbage."D."In 1928, Sir Alexander Fleming discovered that Staphylococcus aureus (parasitic bacteria) could be destroyed by Penicillium."

The answer is Option "D"

Explanation:

Paranthesis can be used in a number of ways in a phrase to add further information, explanation or clarification to the phrase itself. This additional information acts in a way that enhances the meaning of the phrase and/or gives the reader a better view of what is being communicated.

Now, in the given example, the information in the paranthesis after the word "lahar" pertains to a simple definition of this word. For readers who do not know what lahar means, this information will help them grasp the phrase better without needing to consult a dictionary.

Lets look at what purpose, the information given in the paranthesis in each option, serves.

Option A: this is incorrect because the it does not provide the definition or meaning of the word "radio". It simply serves the purpose of adding a side remark.

Option B: this is again incorrect because the information in the paranthesis directs the reader to another section. It simply tells the reader which additional section they need to consult in order to proceed.

Option C: this is incorrect because it provides a reference/citation of someone else's work mentioned in the statement.

Option D: the is the correct answer since the content within the paranthesis gives a short explanation of what the word "Staphylococcus aureus" means. It is similar to the given example where a short explanation of the word "lahar" is provided.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

the answer should be the first one. "many people find his lyrics very moving."

it by far makes the most grammatical sense and is very objective, removing any first person from the original sentence and keeping with the sentence fluency.