The behavior of human beings can be very complicated. to find out how we learn, scientists often study the activities of animals. sometimes they see how long it will take for a mouse to reach food in the center of a maze. sometimes pigeons or other animals are taught to obtain food by pressing buttons. (a) in the first experiments in space flight, trained chimpanzees and dogs were sent into orbit. (b) they proved that living things could carry out certain activities while whirling about in space. (c) one early theory likened human memory to a muscle that had to be regularly exercised in order to function properly. this theory was eventually replaced by the notion that remembering was like writing, with experience the pen and the mind a blank page. (d) but eventually this theory was also rejected. in its place came another hypothesis--that human memory functioned like a complex and well-stocked library catalog. with access to a key word, you could look up any piece of stored information. but over time that theory has also been discarded. human memory may, in fact, be too sophisticated and too complex to be explained through any one single simile or metaphor. when a paragraph contains two main ideas, it should be divided into two paragraphs. choose the letter at the point where the passage should be divided. a) a b) b c) c d) d

The story behind the story is a a human interest article b concerned with the feelings of people involved in a headline event ca kind of special feature d all of these e none of these

Read the excerpt from the land. in the late afternoon i did the same, but all the time i was on the stallion, i was aware that mitchell was watching me. he had appeared on the edge of the woods and had just stood there watching ghost wind and me as we went round and round the meadow. finally, on one of our turns past him, he said: "s'pose you thinkin' you a real somebody 'cause you can ride that stallion." i looked down at mitchell and stopped, knowing that despite our understanding, he was itching for a fight with me. now, i don't know what possessed me in that moment to say the next thing i did. maybe i was feeling guilty that because i was my daddy's son, i could ride ghost wind. maybe it was that, but it wasn't out of fear i said what i said. i no longer was afraid of mitchell. "you want to ride him? " i asked. mitchell took a step backward. it was obvious he hadn't expected me to say that. "you know i can't ride him," he said. "your white daddy'd kill me." "you want to ride him? " i asked again. mitchell looked at the stallion, then at me. "so, what if i do? " what intrinsic motivation does the author most likely intend the reader to infer from the passage? paul is motivated by his need to have mitchell praise his riding skills. mitchell is motivated by his need to have paul praise his riding skills. paul is motivated by jealousy and wishes he had free time like mitchell. mitchell is motivated by jealousy and wishes he could ride the horse.

Read these lines from stanza 5 of the poem, “they shot wook kim” and answe the question. hung in the air/over that petroleum morgue that night. what does the use of the phrase “petroleum morgue” best suggest? an atmosphere of chemical detachment an unsettling place of ultimate rest a dark street containing a lifeless body an area containing putrid substances and smells