Identify the italicized sound effect.

on first looking into chapman's homer

much have i travell'd in the realms of gold,

and many goodly states and kingdoms seen;

round many western islands have i been

which bards in fealty to apollo hold.

oft of one wide expanse had i been told [5]

that deep-brow'd homer ruled as his demesne;

yet did i never breathe its pure serene

till i heard chapman speak out loud and bold:

then felt i like some watcher of the skies

when a new planet swims into his ken; [10]

or like stout cortez when with eagle eyes

he star'd at the pacific–and all his men

look'd at each other with a wild surmise–

silent, upon a peak in darien.

italized word is capitalized.

answers are:

assonance

onomatopoeia

alliteration

the thousand and one nights – or, as i prefer to call them in the following for purely practical reasons: the arabian nights – as we perceive them three hundred years after antoine galland’s epochal french adaptation bear a distinct arabic imprint. meanwhile, the commonly accepted model for their textual history acknowledges various stages in the conceptualization and effective formation of both the collection’s characteristic frame story and the embedded repertoire. the vast majority of tales in the preserved manuscripts of the nights has been integrated into the collection during two periods of arabic influence, the so-called baghdad and cairo periods (gerhardt 1963: 115–374). these “arabic” stages are preceded by an iranian version, probably dating to pre-islamic times, which in its turn profits from both structural devices and narrative contents originating from indian tradition. considering the eminent position that iran and iranian culture hold in the early stages of the textual history of the arabian nights, surprisingly few details are known concerning the collection’s relation to and its actual position within the iranian cultural context. in the following, i will discuss links between the arabian nights and iranian culture on several levels. in surveying these links, i will treat five major areas: (1) the iranian prototype of the nights; (2) tales of alleged persian origin; (3) persian characters within the tales; (4)persian translations of the arabian nights; and (5) the position of the arabian nights in modern iran

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