Sarah is a local politician running for a seat on the city council. she is preparing a speech she will give tomorrow to a group consisting of senior citizens and members of the pta (parents teachers association). she is hoping her speech will increase support for her campaign. knowing what you do about the circumstances surrounding sara’s speech, which of the following options would not provide sara’s argument with validity nor remain relevant to her argument? a. a positive survey of senior citizens regarding their experience working with sara b. a positive survey of teachers and parents regarding their experience working with sara c. a positive survey of politicians regarding their experience working with sara d. a positive survey of high school students regarding their experience working with sara

Read the passage from chapter 17 of the prince. and of all princes, it is impossible for the new prince to avoid the imputation of cruelty, owing to new states being full of dangers. hence virgil, through the mouth of dido, excuses the inhumanity of her reign owing to its being new, saying: "res dura, et regni novitas me talia cogunt moliri, et late fines custode tueri."(*) nevertheless he ought to be slow to believe and to act, nor should he himself show fear, but proceed in a temperate manner with prudence and humanity, so that too much confidence may not make him incautious and too much distrust render him intolerable. . against my will, my fate a throne unsettled, and an infant state, bid me defend my realms with all my pow'rs, and guard with these severities my shores. what reasoning does machiavelli use in this passage? machiavelli uses deductive reasoning by first introducing the conclusion that new rulers must be cruel and then supporting it with evidence. machiavelli uses deductive reasoning by starting with statistical evidence and then concluding that rulers must be cruel. machiavelli uses inductive reasoning by first presenting an observed pattern of details and then concluding that new rulers must be cruel. machiavelli uses inductive reasoning by starting with the conclusion that new rulers must be cruel and then supporting it with short narratives.