The dark current density for a silicon solar cell at 40°C is 1.8e-8 A/m^2 and the short circuit current density is 200 A/m^2 . Calculate the following:

a. Open circuit voltage
b. voltage at maximum power
c. Current density at maximum power
d. maximum power/m^2
e. maximum efficiency
f. the cell area required for an output of 25W when exposed to irradiance=900W/m^2

Apump is used to circulate hot water in a home heating system. water enters the well-insulated pump operating at steady state at a rate of 0.42 gal/min. the inlet pressure and temperature are 14.7 lbf/in.2, and 180°f, respectively; at the exit the pressure is 60 lbf/in.2 the pump requires 1/15 hp of power input. water can be modeled as an incompressible substance with constant density of 60.58 lb/ft3 and constant specific heat of 1 btu/lb or. neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, determine the temperature change, in °r, as the water flows through the pump.