On a p-v diagram, what does the area under the process curve represent?

A)-explain briefly the importance of standards in engineering design. b)- what is patent? c)-explain the relationship between these standards: b.s. and b.s.en d)- in engineering design concepts, types of loads and how they act are important factors. explain.

An ammonia compressor has a 5% clearance volume and displacement rate of 80 l/s and pumps against a condensing temperature of 40°c. for two different temperatures of -10°c and 10°c, compute the mass flow rate of refrigerant assuming the clearance volumetric efficiency applies. discharge specific volume corresponding to-10°c and 10°c are 112.5 l/kg and 95 l/kg, respectively.

Two microscope slides are placed horizontally, one on top of the other, with a drop of a dishwashing liquid between them. the gap between the slides is 1 mm. a machine pulls the top slide to the right with a velocity of 0.15 millimeters per second while the bottom slide is held stationary. a stress gage indicates that a shearing stress of 0.5 pa is required to pull the top slide with this velocity. if the dishwashing liquid adheres to both slides during this process, what is the viscosity of the liquid? specify whether your answer is dynamic or kinematic viscosity, and use appropriate units.