According to the cooling curve, what is the approximate freezing point of the substance?
a) -193°c
b) -111°c
c) 46°c
d) 70°c

Correct B

Cooling curve is the plot of temperature versus time as the sample is allowed to cool. In a cooling curve, we start at a temperature greater than the boiling point. At this temperature, the sample is in gaseous state. At the boiling point, there is no change in temperature as the gaseous and liquid states are in equilibrium. As the temperature reduces further, the liquid starts to condense and at the melting point of the sample the liquid undergoes phase transition to solid state. At the melting temperature, a second plateau is observed as the temperature remains unchanged. At temperatures below the melting point, the sample exists as a solid.

So from the curve, the second plateau is observed at around -111. This point represents the phase transition from liquid to solid state.

b.

the accuracy of the data.