Chemistry, 16.07.2019 19:10 nevelle

In which of the following reactions is δs positive? select one: a. 2no2 (g) → n2o4 (g) b. baf2 (s) → ba2+ (aq) + 2f- (aq) c. co2 (g) →co2 (s) d. 2h2 (g) + o2 (g) →2h2o (g)

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letter b.

Why?
Because Entropy(ΔS) INCREASES when INCREASING disorder in a reaction.

A. INCORRECT. Negative ΔS. This is because there are less molecules of gas in the products compared to the reactants.
B. CORRECT. Positive ΔS. This is because you are increasing disorder by breaking down a solid(highly ordered) molecule into two ions in solution(in solution they are less ordered).
C. INCORRECT. Negative ΔS. This is because you are going from a (g)gas which has more disorder to a (s)solid which has much less disorder than a gas.
D. INCORRECT. Negative ΔS. This is because you are decreasing disorder by building a single molecule. There are also more moles of gas on the reactants side indicating a negative ΔS.

Please comment with any further questions. Hope this helped!

Answer from: Quest

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

explanation

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the $3d$ have energy higher than those in the $4 s$ orbital while lower than those of the $4 p$ orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the $4s$ orbital is therefore filled right after $3p$ orbitals and before $3 d$ orbitals.

potassium has electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{1}$ and calcium $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2}$ . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2} \; 3d^{1}$ and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the $ns^{2} \; (n-1) p^{1}$ and should be highlighted as well.

Answer from: Quest

the answer your looking for is c).

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In which of the following reactions is δs positive? select one: a. 2no2 (g) → n2o4 (g) b. baf2 (s)...

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