1. what is a typical characteristic of an ionic compound? a. electron pairs are shared among atoms b. the ionic compound has a low solubility in water c. the ionic compound is described as a molecule d. the ionic compound has a high melting point 2. what is shown by the structural formula of a molecule? a. the arrangement of bonded atoms b. the number of ionic bonds c. the number of metallic bonds d. the shapes of molecular orbitals

                Option-D :  The ionic compound has a high melting point.

                         Ionic compounds are made up of positive ions called cations and negative ions called as anions. Cations are formed when an atom or group of atoms looses one or more electrons while, anion is formed when an atom or group of atoms gains electrons.

                         The two opposite ions formed interact through electrostatic interactions and form one of the strongest intramolecular bonding called ionic bonding. It requires very high energy to separate these ions from each other in solid form.

Examples: Melting Point of NaCl  =  801 °C

                  Melting Point of MgCl₂  =  714 °C

                  Melting Point of CaCO₃  =  825 °C

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               Option-A :  The arrangement of bonded atoms.

                         Structural formula is the graphical representation of of a chemical formula in either two dimensional or three dimensional space. It helps in depicting the arrangement of atoms or group of atoms in a compound or molecule.

Examples:

                Below the attached figure shows the structural formula of Glucose with Chemical formula C₆H₁₂O₆, Sulfuric Acid with Chemical formula H₂SO₄ and Water with Chemical formula H₂O respectively.

1. is the correct option for first problem that says ionic compounds have high boiling point as well as high melting point.  

2. is the correct option for second problem that says structural formula shows arrangement of the bonded atoms.

Further Explanation:

1. Ionic compounds:

Ionic compounds are made up of ions where ions are charged particle formed when an atom gained or lost one or more than one electrons.

When a metal loses 1 or more than 1 electron then it becomes positively charged ion known as a cation.  

When a non-metal atom gains 1 or more than 1 electron then it becomes negatively charged ion known as an anion.

Properties of ionic compounds:

1. They form a crystal lattice instead of amorphous solid .

2. They are hard in nature.

3. They have high boiling point as well as high melting point. For example, NaCl has a melting point of and boiling point of

Covalent compound:

When a compound is formed with the sharing of electrons between the atoms of different elements then it known as covalent compound.

Properties of covalent compounds:

1. They are relatively more flammable than ionic compound.

2. They are do not conduct electricity on dissolving into water.

3. They have relatively low boiling point as well as low melting point.

So, option D is correct.

2. Structural formula:

The structural formula of any molecule shows the relative connections and location of atoms. The structural formula uses symbols to show the atoms and pair of dots or a line to show the bonds between the atoms. Structural formula depicts the arrangement of atoms bonded to form the molecule.

For example: In , two hydrogen atoms bonded with one oxygen atom are present. Therefore, to represent the structure formula of oxygen is placed between two hydrogen atoms and two O-H bonds are shown by the line or two dots.

Therefore, option A is correct.

Learn more:

1. Number of covalent bonds does nitrogen formed with its unpaired:

2. Identify the polarity of the bonds and the overall polarity:

Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Covalent bonding and molecular structure

Keywords: ionic, covalent compound, ionic compound, solids, melting point, boiling point, arrangement of atoms, bonded atoms.

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