Why does a solute depress the freezing point?
a. the solute is colder than the solvent.
b. the solute disrupts crystal formation by the solvent.
c. the solute tends to sink to the bottom of the solution.
d. the solute has bigger molecules than the solvent.

Nconcentration refers to the molar concentration of an ion in solution. it may be identical to, or greater or less than, the molar concentration of the compound containing the ion that was used to make the solution. for soluble salts, the molarity of a particular ion is equal to the molarity of that compound times the subscript for that ion. for example, 1 m of alcl3 is 1 m in al3+ and 3 m in cl−. 1 m of (nh4)2so4 is 2 m in nh4+ and 1 m in so42−. part a what is the concentration of k+ in 0.15 m of k2s? view available hint(s) nothing m m part b if cacl2 is dissolved in water, what can be said about the concentration of the ca2+ ion? view available hint(s) if is dissolved in water, what can be said about the concentration of the ion? it has the same concentration as the cl− ion. its concentration is half that of the cl− ion. its concentration is twice that of the cl− ion. its concentration is one-third that of the cl− ion. part c a scientist wants to make a solution of tribasic sodium phosphate, na3po4, for a laboratory experiment. how many grams of na3po4 will be needed to produce 550 ml of a solution that has a concentration of na+ ions of 0.700 m ? express your answer numerically in grams. view available hint(s) mass of na3po4 n a 3 p o 4 = nothing g provide feedback

Electromagnets coils of wire paper clips picked up 10 3 15 6 20 9 25 12 ms. owens' class was studying magnets. ms. owens showed her students how to make an electromagnet using a nail, a d-cell battery, and plastic coated wire. the students wrapped the wire around the nail and then attached the ends to the battery. when they were finished, they tested their magnets by investigating how many paperclips their magnets could pick up. they also tested whether they could increase the strength of their electromagnets by using more coils of wire. they recorded the class average of their results in the data table seen here. ms. owens asked her students to graph their data in a line graph. how should the students label the x-axis on their line graph? a) size of battery b) number of paper clips c) number of coils of wire d) strength of electromagnet

Steam reforming of methane ( ch4) produces "synthesis gas," a mixture of carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas, which is the starting point for many important industrial chemical syntheses. an industrial chemist studying this reaction fills a 1.5 l flask with 3.5 atm of methane gas and 1.3 atm of water vapor at 43.0°c. he then raises the temperature, and when the mixture has come to equilibrium measures the partial pressure of carbon monoxide gas to be 1 .0 atm. calculate the pressure equilibrium constant for the steam reforming of methane at the final temperature of the mixture. round your answer to 2 significant digits.