What does the difference in potential energy between the reactants and
products represent?

Asample of the male sex hormone testosterone, c19h28o2, contains 3.88×10^21 atoms of hydrogen.(a) how many atoms of carbon does it contain? (b) how many molecules of testosterone does it contain? (c) how many moles of testosterone does it contain? (d) what is the mass of this sample in grams?

If i initially have a gas at a pressure of 12 atm, a volume of 23 liters, and a temperature of 200 k, and then i raise the pressure to 14 atm and increase the temperature to 300 k, what is the new volume of the gas?

Which process does not require the presence of a physical substance in order to transfer heat? air in the atmosphere is heated by the ground. this warm air then rises, and cooler air falls. this is an example of what type of process? how is conduction different from radiation?