The heat of fusion ΔHf of toluene C6H5CH3 is 6.6 /kJmol . Calculate the change in entropy ΔS when 46.g of toluene melts at −95.0°C

Answer : The entropy change of the toluene is 18.5 J/K

Explanation :

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

Given mass of toluene = 46 g

Molar mass of toluene = 92.14 g/mol

Putting values in above equation, we get:

To calculate the entropy change for different phase at same temperature, we use the equation:

where,  

= Entropy change  = ?

n = moles of toluene = 0.499 moles

= enthalpy of fusion = 6.6 kJ/mol = 6600 J/mol   (Conversion factor:  1 kJ = 1000 J)

T = temperature of the system =

Putting values in above equation, we get:

Hence, the entropy change of the toluene is 18.5 J/K

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.

for step 7 table c on the lab "newtons law of action"   the average time it took the car to travel .25 meters   was 1.92 seconds.

the average time it took the car to travel 0.50 meters was 2.61 seconds

hope this : )