Suppose an apartment complex converts to a condominium, so that the former renters are now owners of their housing units. suppose further that a current estimate of the value of the condominium owners' housing services is the same as the rent they previously paid. what happens to gdp as a result of this conversion?
a. gdp necessarily increases
b. gdp necessarily decreases
c. gdp is unaffected because neither the rent nor the estimate of the value owner- occupied housing services (also known as imputed rent) is included in gdp
d. gdp is unaffected because previously the rent payments were included in gdp and now the rent payments are replaced in gdp by the estimate of the value of owner occupied housing services (also known as imputed rent).

The cost of capital: introduction the cost of capital: introduction companies issue bonds, preferred stock, and common equity to aise capital to invest in capital budgeting projects. capital is』necessary factor of production and like any other factor, it has a cost. this cost is equal to the select the applicable security. the rates of return that investors require on bonds, preferred stocks, and common equity represent the costs of those securities to the firm. companies estimate the required returns on their securities, calculate a weighted average of the costs of their different types of capital, and use this average cost for capital budgeting purposes. required return on rate: when calculating om operations when the firm's primary financial objective is to select shareholder value. to do this, companies invest in projects that earnselect their cost of capital. so, the cost of capital is often referred to as the -select -select and accruals, which a se spontaneously we hted average cost of capital wa c our concern is with capital that must be provided by select- 쑤 interest-bearing debt preferred stock and common equity. capital budgeting projects are undertaken, are not included as part of total invested capital because they do not come directly from investors. which of the following would be included in the caculation of total invested capital? choose the response that is most correct a. notes payable b. taxes payable c retained earnings d. responses a and c would be included in the calculation of total invested capital. e. none of the above would be included in the cakulation of total invested capital.

Acrosswalk_when there are no pavement markings.

In a small group, members have taken on the task roles of information giver, critic/analyzer, and recorder, and the maintenance roles of gatekeeper and follower. they need to fulfill one more role. which of the following would be most effective for their group dynamics? a dominator b coordinator c opinion seeker d harmonizer