The government has the ability to influence the level of output in the short run using monetary and fiscal policy. there is some disagreement as to whether the government should attempt to stabilize the economy. which of the following are arguments in favor of active stabilization policy by the government? check all that apply. the current tax system acts as an automatic stabilizer. changes in government purchases and taxation must be passed by both houses of congress and signed by the president. the fed can effectively respond to excessive pessimism by expanding the money supply and lowering interest rates. shifts in aggregate demand are often the result of waves of pessimism or optimism among consumers and businesses. which of the following are examples of automatic stabilizers? check all that apply. unemployment insurance benefits personal income taxes the federal funds rate

“wonderful! not only did our salespeople do a good job in meeting the sales budget this year, but our production people did a good job in controlling costs as well,” said kim clark, president of martell company. “our $11,150 overall manufacturing cost variance is only 3% of the $1,536,000 standard cost of products made during the year. that’s well within the 3% parameter set by management for acceptable variances. it looks like everyone will be in line for a bonus this year.” the company produces and sells a single product. the standard cost card for the product follows: standard cost card—per unit direct materials, 4.00 feet at $4.00 per foot $ 16.00 direct labor, 1.1 direct labor-hours at $13 per direct labor-hour 14.30 variable overhead, 1.1 direct labor-hours at $2.40 per direct labor-hour 2.64 fixed overhead, 1.1 direct labor-hours at $6.50 per direct labor-hour 7.15 standard cost per unit $ 40.09the following additional information is available for the year just completed: a. the company manufactured 20,000 units of product during the year.b. a total of 77,000 feet of material was purchased during the year at a cost of $4.25 per foot. all of this material was used to manufacture the 20,000 units. there were no beginning or ending inventories for the year.c. the company worked 24,000 direct labor-hours during the year at a direct labor cost of $12.50 per hour.d. overhead is applied to products on the basis of standard direct labor-hours. data relating to manufacturing overhead costs follow: denominator activity level (direct labor-hours) 19,000 budgeted fixed overhead costs $ 123,500 actual variable overhead costs incurred $ 64,800 actual fixed overhead costs incurred $ 120,900required: 1. compute the materials price and quantity variances for the year. (round standard price and actual price to 2 decimal places. indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "f" for favorable, "u" for unfavorable, and "none" for no effect (i.e., zero 2. compute the labor rate and efficiency variances for the year. (round standard rate and actual rate to 2 decimal places. indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "f" for favorable, "u" for unfavorable, and "none" for no effect (i.e., zero 3. for manufacturing overhead compute: a. the variable overhead rate and efficiency variances for the year. (round standard rate and actual rate to 2 decimal places. indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "f" for favorable, "u" for unfavorable, and "none" for no effect (i.e., zero b. the fixed overhead budget and volume variances for the year. (indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "f" for favorable, "u" for unfavorable, and "none" for no effect (i.e., zero

Outstanding stock consists of 8,300 shares of cumulative 7% preferred stock with a $10 par value and 4,300 shares of common stock with a $1 par value. during the first three years of operation, the corporation declared and paid the following total cash dividends. year dividend declared 2016 $ 0 2017 $ 7,300 2018 $ 45,000 the amount of dividends paid to preferred and common shareholders in 2018 is:

How will firms solve the problem of an economic surplus a. decrease prices to the market equilibrium price b. decrease prices so they are below the market equilibrium price c.increase prices