HELP!! The reaction catalyzed by the bacterial enzyme B-galactosidase forms a dark-colored product when the
cells are grown in a particular agar medium. As more product is formed, the cells become darker.
Students performed an experiment to determine the optimum pH for activity of this enzyme. Their results
are shown in the illustration of bacterial colonies below.
Bacterial Colony Color as a Function of pH
pH 3
pH 5
pH 7
pH9
pH 11
Why does B-galactosidase begin to lose function at a pH of 3 and 11?
O a
Oь
Ос
Od
the pH turns the proteins into carbohydrates
the pH mulates the DNA
the pH changes the structure of the protein
the pH stops protein synthesis

the answer is "a.) well–developed vascular system."

explanation:

c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.

which

what is a measurement of the earth’s history divided into time periods?

> fossil record <

sedimentary rock

> geologic time scale <

radioactive elements