Which of the following statements about secondary succession is true? a. Secondary succession occurs in ecosystems that have no vegetation.
b. Secondary succession affects ecosystems that are already established.
c. Ecosystems require pioneer species to undergo secondary succession.
d. Secondary succession can occur in areas without soil.

Edgenuity2020

hi, natural selection of the peppered moth during the industrial revolution in 19th-century england is an example of an outlier in the study of evolution. during this time, pollution from factories filled the forests, coating trees in a layer of soot—turning white trees black

mark as brainlest

gokuson

cell regulation is conducted by special proteins.

succession returns a disturbed

ecosystem to a more stable state. this is also classified into two (2) types:

primary succession and secondary succession. the primary succession arises when

a new land is transformed and a bare rock has been exposed providing an environment

that can be occupied for the first time. while, secondary succession occurs

when a previously occupied environment was disturbed that kills much of all its

community

explanation:

c: warm water flows from the western tropical pacific toward south america. that should be the right answer! hope it .