Acactus with long spines protects itself from animals better than a cactus with short spines. according to natural selection, .

According to natural selection, long-spined cacti will survive longer and reproduce more often than short-spined cacti. I am hoping that this answer has satisfied your query about and it will be able to help you, and if you’d like, feel free to ask another question.

for  example, forests have higher evapotranspiration than other ecosystems,  such  as grasslands, because of their deeper roots and greater leaf area. thus forests have a net moistening effect on the atmosphere and become a moisture source for downwind ecosystems.

the answer will be a) proteins i believe