Photosynthesis is a process that takes place in chloroplasts and uses light energy to generate high-energy electrons, which are passed along an electron-transport chain. where are the proteins of the electron-transport chain located in chloroplasts?

Molecules like glucose and amino acids are not lipid soluble, so cannot cross the cell membrane by simple diffusion. instead, they are shuttled across by carrier proteins in the membrane from high to low concentration. does this process require energy from the cell? this is an example of what type of molecular movement?