What is a fossil record? a tape of a scientist talking about fossils. a book of all the fossils ever collected. information we gather from fossils to learn about the earth. music and songs about fossils.

A fossil record is information we gather from fossils to help learn about the Earth.

the answer is: apostrophe and allusion.

apostrophe refers to a poetic technique that is used to address an absent individual or an abstract idea/being. allusion on the other hand is a poetic technique that being done by making an indirect reference to other person with a high level of significance (could be historically or culturally significant)