Which statement about luminosity is not true

For 50 pointsfredrika's science teacher asked her to bring in three abiotic items from her backyard ecosystem. which of the following groups of items should she bring? a. a lightning bug, a plug of grass, and a wormb. a smooth rock, some red dirt, and an empty bird's nestc. a ladybug, a spider, and some water from a mud puddled. a caterpillar, a pine cone, and a piece of a robin's egg

Mankiw attributes – chapter 1 and his 10 principles – differences in living standards within a countryover time and across countries at a moment in time to: a. the presence or absence of inflation and unemployment.b. the allocation of resources between private markets and the public sector.c. those that have dealt successfully with the efficiency v. equality tradeoff and those that haven’t.d. differences in productivity.e. ones that think at the margin and respond to incentives and those that don’t.

The defendant, angered because a rival gang member had twice beaten him up after school, obtained a heavy lead pipe and waited in a deserted alleyway which he knew the rival took as a route home every day after school. when his enemy came walking down the alley, the defendant leapt out behind him and smashed the pipe into the victim's head, knocking him to the ground. the defendant then rolled the victim over and pounded his face with 15 to 20 heavy blows with the lead pipe, killing him. the jurisdiction defines first degree murder as murder committed with premeditation and deliberation. all other murders are defined as second degree murders. why will the defendant be convicted of first degree murder (as opposed to second degree murder)?