What is the economic term that describes the increased benefit or satisfaction we will enjoy as a result of consuming one more of something?

Marginal benefit

Explanation:

Marginal benefit is known as the benefit or fulfillment an individual enjoy or get from consuming or using an additional good (product) or service. Thus, the satisfaction derived by the individual from using the good diminishes as he or she use more of the good which is known as diminishing marginal utility.

explanation:

with the profits from the european sales, merchants purchased europe's manufactured  goods, including tools and weapons. then the merchants shipped those manufactured  goods, along with the  american  sugar and rum, to west africa where they were bartered for  slaves.

even though you have attached neither the chart nor the generalizations, i have located them online. the right answer is d, since they are asking you about a generalization. you can only infer from the chart that between 2008 and 2009 the number of employed workers decreased significantly (from over 115 millions to 107 millions approximately), which signals some type of economic crisis.