How we do know if someone is guilty or innocent of committing a crime

Evidence. Let's say there was a murder and they find a person's finger prints on the weapon that was used to kill the victim, then we can safely assume they were the killer. You also need to take account for motive, where they were during the time of murder, etc. 

Early 18th century british industries were generally small scale and relatively unsophisticated. most textile production, for example, was centred on small workshops or in the homes of spinners, weavers and dyers: a literal ‘cottage industry’ that involved thousands of individual manufacturers. such small-scale production was also a feature of most other industries, with different regions specialising in different products: metal production in the midlands, for example, and coal mining in the north-east.two illustrations of 18t