In the 1930s, a new approach emerged that emphasized structural causes of urban crime (e. g., the breakdown of communities) over moral failings. it is known as

The answer is social disorganization. This is a theory focuses more on the crime rates that are likely to occur in the neighborhood in which it is in lined with the provided statement above that depicts the causes of the urban crime.

it would be d). more resources must be obtained to attain that combination of goods and services

permafrost layer, it exists beneath a layer of soil, rock or sediment.